Create Basic Django Framework with API, SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL and SSO with OIDC

.env-example

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Django core
+DEBUG=True
+SECRET_KEY=dev-secret-key
+DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=config.settings
+
+# Superuser (optional)
+DJANGO_SUPERUSER_USERNAME=admin
+DJANGO_SUPERUSER_EMAIL=admin@example.com
+DJANGO_SUPERUSER_PASSWORD=changeme
+
+# OIDC / SSO
+SSO_ENABLED=False
+OIDC_RP_CLIENT_ID=django-app
+OIDC_RP_CLIENT_SECRET=changeme
+OIDC_OP_DISCOVERY_ENDPOINT=https://auth.example.com/.well-known/openid-configuration
+
+# Database settings (Default: SQLite)
+DB_ENGINE=sqlite
+DB_NAME=db.sqlite3
+DB_USER=
+DB_PASSWORD=
+DB_HOST=
+DB_PORT=

.gitignore

@@ -1 +1,4 @@
 .venv
+.startserver.sh
+.env
+sb.sqlite3

api/views.py

@@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
 from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, permission_classes
-from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny
+from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny, IsAuthenticated
 from rest_framework.response import Response
 
+
 @api_view(["GET"])
-@permission_classes([AllowAny])  # erstmal offen, später absichern
+@permission_classes([AllowAny])  # This endpoint is deliberately open to everyone
 def ping(request):
     return Response({"status": "ok"})
+
+
+@api_view(["GET"])
+@permission_classes([IsAuthenticated])  # Requires either session (OIDC) or basic authentication
+def secure_ping(request):
+    return Response({
+        "status": "ok",
+        "user": request.user.username,  # The authenticated username
+        # Indicates whether the request was authenticated via session (OIDC) or via basic auth
+        "auth_via": request.auth.__class__.__name__ if request.auth else "session/basic"
+    })

config/settings.py

@@ -1,42 +1,47 @@
-import environ
 import os
-
 from pathlib import Path
+import environ
 
-# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Base project paths
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
 
-# Load Env-Vars
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Environment configuration
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 env = environ.Env()
 environ.Env.read_env(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ".env"))
 
-# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
-# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
-
-# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Security settings
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 SECRET_KEY = env(
     "SECRET_KEY",
-    default="django-insecure-lbfv*h@=mjj#xq^!k@-5f2oiq@u6ms9t6=3&nr+!#itih%jh^l"
+    default="django-insecure-lbfv*h@=mjj#xq^!k@-5f2oiq@u6ms9t6=3&nr+!#itih%jh^l"  # fallback only for development
 )
+DEBUG = env.bool("DEBUG", default=False)
+ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["localhost", "127.0.0.1"]
 
-# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
-DEBUG = env.bool("DEBUG", default=True)
-
-ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["localhost","127.0.0.1"]
-
-
-# Application definition
-
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Installed apps
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 INSTALLED_APPS = [
+    # Django built-in apps
     "django.contrib.admin",
     "django.contrib.auth",
     "django.contrib.contenttypes",
     "django.contrib.sessions",
     "django.contrib.messages",
     "django.contrib.staticfiles",
+
+    # Third-party apps
     "rest_framework",
 ]
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Middleware
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 MIDDLEWARE = [
     "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
     "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
@@ -47,12 +52,19 @@ MIDDLEWARE = [
     "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
 ]
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# URL & WSGI configuration
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ROOT_URLCONF = "config.urls"
+WSGI_APPLICATION = "config.wsgi.application"
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Templates
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 TEMPLATES = [
     {
         "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
-        "DIRS": [],
+        "DIRS": [],  # can be extended if custom templates are needed
         "APP_DIRS": True,
         "OPTIONS": {
             "context_processors": [
@@ -65,89 +77,100 @@ TEMPLATES = [
     },
 ]
 
-WSGI_APPLICATION = "config.wsgi.application"
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Database configuration
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DB_ENGINE = env("DB_ENGINE", default="sqlite").lower()
 
-
-# Database
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#databases
-
-DATABASES = {
-    "default": {
-        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
-        "NAME": BASE_DIR / "db.sqlite3",
+if DB_ENGINE == "postgres":
+    DATABASES = {
+        "default": {
+            "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.postgresql",
+            "NAME": env("DB_NAME", default="postgres"),
+            "USER": env("DB_USER", default="postgres"),
+            "PASSWORD": env("DB_PASSWORD", default=""),
+            "HOST": env("DB_HOST", default="localhost"),
+            "PORT": env("DB_PORT", default="5432"),
+        }
     }
-}
 
+elif DB_ENGINE == "mysql":
+    DATABASES = {
+        "default": {
+            "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.mysql",
+            "NAME": env("DB_NAME", default="mysql"),
+            "USER": env("DB_USER", default="root"),
+            "PASSWORD": env("DB_PASSWORD", default=""),
+            "HOST": env("DB_HOST", default="localhost"),
+            "PORT": env("DB_PORT", default="3306"),
+            "OPTIONS": {
+                "charset": "utf8mb4",  # recommended for full Unicode support
+            },
+        }
+    }
 
-# Password validation
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
+else:  # default: SQLite
+    DATABASES = {
+        "default": {
+            "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
+            "NAME": BASE_DIR / "db.sqlite3",  # fixed filename for simplicity
+        }
+    }
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Authentication & password validation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
-    {
-        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
-    },
-    {
-        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
-    },
-    {
-        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
-    },
-    {
-        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
-    },
+    {"NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator"},
+    {"NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator"},
+    {"NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator"},
+    {"NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator"},
 ]
 
-
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Internationalization
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/i18n/
-
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"
-
 TIME_ZONE = "UTC"
-
 USE_I18N = True
-
 USE_TZ = True
 
-
-# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/static-files/
-
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Static files
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 STATIC_URL = "static/"
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Default primary key field type
-# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
-
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Django REST framework configuration
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 REST_FRAMEWORK = {
     "DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES": [
-        "rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated",
+        "rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated",  # all endpoints protected by default
     ],
     "DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES": [
-        "rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication",
-        "rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication",
+        "rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication",  # required for OIDC/session login
+        "rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication",    # allows Basic Auth for API clients
     ],
 }
 
-# OIDC Vars
-
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# OpenID Connect (SSO) configuration
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 SSO_ENABLED = env.bool("SSO_ENABLED", default=False)
 
 if SSO_ENABLED:
-    INSTALLED_APPS += [
-        "mozilla_django_oidc",
-    ]
-
-    MIDDLEWARE += [
-        "mozilla_django_oidc.middleware.SessionRefresh",
-    ]
+    INSTALLED_APPS += ["mozilla_django_oidc"]
+    MIDDLEWARE += ["mozilla_django_oidc.middleware.SessionRefresh"]
 
     LOGIN_URL = "/oidc/authenticate/"
     LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = "/"
     LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URL = "/"
 
-
     OIDC_RP_CLIENT_ID = env("OIDC_RP_CLIENT_ID", default="django-app")
     OIDC_RP_CLIENT_SECRET = env("OIDC_RP_CLIENT_SECRET", default="changeme")
     OIDC_OP_DISCOVERY_ENDPOINT = env(

config/urls.py

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib import admin
 from django.urls import path, include
-from api.views import ping
+from api.views import ping, secure_ping
+
 
 urlpatterns = [
     path("admin/", admin.site.urls),
-    path("api/ping/", ping),
+    path("api/ping/", ping),              # Public healthcheck endpoint
+    path("api/secure-ping/", secure_ping) # Protected API endpoint
 ]
 
+# Add OIDC routes only if Single Sign-On is enabled
 if settings.SSO_ENABLED:
     urlpatterns += [
         path("oidc/", include("mozilla_django_oidc.urls")),

docker-compose-sqlite.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+services:
+  risk-management:
+    build: .
+    container_name: django_web
+    ports:
+      - "8000:8000"
+    volumes:
+      - ./data/app/:/app

entrypoint.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 set -e
 
+export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=config.settings
+
 echo "Running migrations..."
 python manage.py migrate --noinput
 

startserver.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Startup script for the Django project
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# This script ensures that the development environment is ready to run.
+#
+# Features:
+#   - Runs database migrations
+#   - Creates a superuser if it does not already exist
+#   - Starts the Django development server
+#
+# Note:
+#   This script is for local development only.
+#   In production you should use a proper WSGI/ASGI server (e.g., Gunicorn, Daphne).
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+set -e  # Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status
+
+# Load environment variables from .env if available
+if [ -f ".env" ]; then
+  export $(grep -v '^#' .env | xargs)
+fi
+
+# Ensure we are in the project root directory
+cd "$(dirname "$0")"
+
+echo ">>> Running migrations..."
+python manage.py migrate --noinput
+
+echo ">>> Checking if superuser exists..."
+python manage.py shell <<EOF
+from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+User = get_user_model()
+username = "${DJANGO_SUPERUSER_USERNAME:-admin}"
+if not User.objects.filter(username=username).exists():
+    print(f"Creating superuser '{username}'...")
+    User.objects.create_superuser(
+        username=username,
+        email="${DJANGO_SUPERUSER_EMAIL:-admin@example.com}",
+        password="${DJANGO_SUPERUSER_PASSWORD:-changeme}"
+    )
+else:
+    print(f"Superuser '{username}' already exists.")
+EOF
+
+echo ">>> Starting Django development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000 ..."
+python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000